Carrying capacity // Capacidad de carga

Management // Manejo

US // (1) The maximum stocking rate that will achieve a target level of animal performance on a particular grazing unit under a specified grazing method. (2) The potential number of animals or liveweight that may be supported on a unit area for a grazing season based on forage potential.
Beef Quality Assurance: 141. Also National Cattlemen’s website.
US // The maximum number of a given type of animal that a specific ecosystem can support without causing environmental damage.
Troeh, F.R. and R.L. Donahue. 2003. Dictionary of Agricultural and Environmental Science. USA. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press. See p. 78.
CAN // TA measure of an ecological site’s sustained forage yield. Carrying capacity is based on a safe utilization level based on mean annual forage production and the plant community’s tolerance of grazing pressure. Carrying capacity does not fluctuate yearly in response to forage production and stocking rates, but does fluctuate with weather conditions.
Saskatchewan Forage Council 2010: 1.
MEX // Número máximo de un determinado tipo de especie pecuaria que un ecosistema específico puede mantener sin causar un deterioro del medio ambiente.
Sánchez Granillo, E., PhD. Councillor of the Minister, Ministry of Rural Development, State Government of Chihuahua. Personal communication, 2012.
MEX // Cantidad de animales que puede mantener un a´rea determinada de agostadero o pastizal por un tiempo determinado sin deterioro de la integridad de los recursos (expresado en hecta´reas por unidad animal por an~o, por mes o por día).
PACP-Ch 2011: 31.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Grazing capacity; Stocking density; Stocking Rate; Ecologically Sustainable; Grazing management; Management, holistic (Managment)
ESP // Capacidad de Carga Animal; Carga animal; Carga animal ecológicamente sostenible; Manejo de pastizales; Manejo holístico (Manejo)

Concentrates // Alimento Concentrado

Management // Manejo

US // Feeds that are more nutrient-dense than grass and hay; they contain more calories per pound. E.g. Corn, milo, oats, barley and wheat. Sometimes fed to cattle when pastures are poor, hay is in short supply, or to finish beef calves faster.
Thomas, H.S. 2005. Getting Started with Beef and Dairy Cattle. USA. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing. See p. 264.
CAN // High-energy feeds included in the diet to improve the rate of gain and reduce the cost of finishing.
Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture 2010: 10.
MEX // Alimento que ha sido elaborado segu´n los requerimientos del ganado, el cual es fabricado por una casa comercial o producido en el establo.
SAGARPA, s/f-3

Conservation // Conservación

Environment // Medio Ambiente

US // Wise use that avoids waste and maintains resoures for the future. It differs from preservation, which excludes use of the resources.
Troeh, F.R. and R.L. Donahue. 2003. Dictionary of Agricultural and Environmental Science. USA. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press. See p. 107.
CAN // The use and management of natural resources according to principles that assure their sustained economic and social benefits, without damaging the environmental quality.
PCAP 1998: 43.
CAN // The wise use, management and protection of resources to maintain their quality and quantity on a sustainable basis.
Prairie Conservation Forum 2001: 27.
MEX // Cuidado o aprovechamiento de los recursos de la tierra y la naturaleza, de manera que se mantienen los ecositemas, las especies y la diversidad genética, así como los procesos ecológicos y evolutivos.
ECOPAD 2007: 19.

Desertification // Desertificación

Management // Manejo

US // Conversion of a habitable area to desert, usually at the border of an existing desert; loss of vegetation, perhaps accompanied by drier climate.
Troeh, F.R. and R.L. Donahue. 2003. Dictionary of Agricultural and Environmental Science. USA. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press. See p. 133.
CAN // Land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors.
CIDA´s website
MEX // Es la degradación de la tierra en zonas áridas, semi-áridas y subhúmedas, resultante de varios factores que incluyen variaciones climáticas y actividades humanas.
SEMARNAT 2010.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Overgrazing (Environment); Carrying capacity; Grassland, poor (Management)
ESP // Sobrepastoreo (Medio Ambiente); Capacidad de carga; Pastizal, pobre (Manejo)

Fed cattle // Ganado alimentado de concentrado

Management // Manejo

US // Steers and heifers that have been fed concentrates, usually for 90-120 days in a feedlot or until they reach a desired slaughter weight.
National Cattlemen’s website.
CAN // Beef cattle grown for beef production.
Fédération des producteurs de bovins du Québec website
MEX // Ganado alimentado con una ración integral en corral de engorda durante un periodo de 90 a 120 días o hasta que alcance un peso adecuado para su sacrificio.
Sánchez Granillo, E., PhD. Councillor of the Minister, Ministry of Rural Development, State Government of Chihuahua. Personal communication, 2012.

Feed, organic // Ganado alimentado con alimentos orgánicos

Management // Manejo

US // Naturally-grown (no pesticides, herbicides, or chemical fertilizers) feed, whether it is grass, hay or grain. Must be purchased by a USDA-certified grower who raises only organic crops.
Thomas, H.S. 2005. Getting Started with Beef and Dairy Cattle. USA. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing. See p. 96.
CAN // CFIA-regulated: Organic livestock feed contains more than 95% certified organic ingredients.
CFIA´s website
MEX // Ganado alimentado de forma natural, ya sea en pastoreo directo, forraje henificado o grano que no haya tenido aplicaciones de pesticidas, herbicidas o fertilizantes comúnmente utilizados, cuyos ingredientes alimenticios deben ser adquiridos de productores certificados.
Sánchez Granillo, E., PhD. Councillor of the Minister, Ministry of Rural Development, State Government of Chihuahua. Personal communication, 2012.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Agriculture, organic (Economy); Beef, chemical-free; Beef, free range; Beef, organic (Management); Biodynamic; Natural; Proof of process (Marketing)
ESP // Agricultura orgánica (Economía); Carne de ganado libre de sustancias químicas; Ganado, libre pastoreo; Carne orgánica (Manejo); Biodinámico; Natural; Certificación, procesos (Mercadotecnia)

Finishing // Finalización, Repasto/Engorda

Management // Manejo

US // The increased feeding of an animal just prior to butchering, which results in rapid gains and increased carcass quality. See pasture-finished, grass-finished, grain-finished.
Herren, R.V. and R.L. Donahue. 1991. The Agriculture Dictionary. USA. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers. See p. 180; also Weber, K. 2009. Food, Inc. USA. New York, NY: Perseus Books Group. See p. 199.
CAN // Last phase of cattle production during which cattle are grown to an ideal weight for slaughter.
Fédération des producteurs de bovins du Québec’s website
MEX // Es la etapa postdestete (desarrollo-finalización) del ganado bovino estabulado o en las áreas de pastoreo destinados a la producción de carne para abasto o para reemplazo de vientres.
Sagarpa 2003


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Beef, forage-finished; Beef, grain-finished; Beef, grass-finished; Beef, pasture-finished (Management)
ESP // Carne de ganado finalizada con forraje; Carne de ganado finalizado con grano; Carne de ganado finalizada en pradera; Carne de ganado finalizado en pradera (Manejo)

Food Alliance Certified // Certificado por Alianza Alimentaria

Marketing // Mercadotecnia

US // A comprehensive certification through the non-profit organization Food Alliance (OR). Criteria for certification focus on safe and fair working conditions, the humane treatment of animals and the protection of the environment.
Food Alliance website.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Agriculture, organic (Economy); Beef, chemical-free; Beef, free range; Beef, organic; Feed, organic (Management); Humane, certified; Natural; Proof of process (Marketing)
ESP // Agricultura orgánica (Economía); Carne de ganado libre de sustancias químicas; Ganado, libre pastoreo; Carne orgánica; Ganado alimentado con alimentos orgánicos (Manejo); Trato humanitario, certificado; Natural; Certificación, procesos (Mercadotecnia)

Forage // Forraje

Management // Manejo

US // Either fresh of dried plant material consumed by livestock or wild animals as pasture, hay or silage; especially the leaves and stems of grasses and legumes, usually at a growth stage prior to seed production. See roughage.
Troeh, F.R. and R.L. Donahue. 2003. Dictionary of Agricultural and Environmental Science. USA. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press. See p. 190.
CAN // Forages are defined as hay, silage, and greenfeed.
MAFRI’s website.

MEX // Forraje verde o seco que es cosechado para alimentar al ganado.
Sánchez Granillo, E., PhD. Councillor of the Minister, Ministry of Rural Development, State Government of Chihuahua. Personal communication, 2012.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Forage, high-quality ; Roughage (Management)
ESP // Forraje de alta calidad; Forraje (Manejo)

Forage, high-quality // Forraje de alta calidad

Management // Manejo

US // Hay harvested when it is still growing and tender, and therefore contains adequate amounts of protein, vitamins, and minerals.
Thomas, H.S. 2005. Getting Started with Beef and Dairy Cattle. USA. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing. See p. 100.
CAN // Forage high in protein and energy.
Manitoba Forage Council 2007: 5.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Forage, Roughage (Management)
ESP // Forraje (Manejo)

Grassland // Pastizal

Management // Manejo

US // 1. An area of natural prairie vegetated mostly with perennial grasses and associated forbs, characteristic of subhumid, semiarid, and some arid regions before human intervention. 2. An area seeded to grasses and/or legumes for forage production.
Troeh, F.R. and R.L. Donahue. 2003. Dictionary of Agricultural and Environmental Science. USA. Ames, IA: Iowa State Press. See p. 211.
US // Land which is in grass but not under cultivation. (As commonly used, it is not restricted to true grasses, but may include legumes and other nongrasses.) 2. Land that produced grass just previous to being planted to a particular crop. 3. Any of the great natural regions of the world in which the vegetation is mainly grass or other herbaceous plants.
Herren, R.V. and R.L. Donahue. 1991. The Agriculture Dictionary. USA. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers. See p. 209.
CAN // Grasslands include land that is in perennial grasses and herbaceous species for grazing or other uses including native range, seeded tame pasture, abandoned farm areas and other uncultivated uses (e.g. ditches, riparian areas etc.).
Gauthier, D.A. L. Patino, and K. McGovern. 2002. Status of Native Prairie Habitat, Prairie Ecozone, Saskatchewan. Project report to Wildlife Habitat Canada, Number 8.65A. 1R-01/02, Canadian Plains Research Centre, Regina.
MEX // Vegetación con predominancia de gramíneas.
Rzedowski, J. 1988. Vegetación de México. LIMUSA, México. See p. 392.
MEX // Terreno de abundante pasto; Pasto: cualquier cosa que sirve como el sustento del animal.
Real Academia Española 2001.


RELATED TERMS // TÉRMINOS AFINES

EN // Praire (Ecology); Pastureland, Praire. Range, Rangeland (Managment)
ESP // Pradera (Ecología); Tierras de pastoreo; Pradera, Agostadero (Manejo)